本文以2011—2023年A股市场存续的全部股票型ETF基金为样本，基于多期双重差分法（DID）识别流动性服务业务引入对ETF跟踪误差的影响效应。研究发现，引入流动性服务机制可显著降低ETF的跟踪误差，该结论在通过了一系列稳健性检验。机制检验表明，流动性服务商激励改善与市场交易条件优化是跟踪误差降低的主要传导路径，机构投资者比例提升进一步强化流动性服务的政策效应。异质性分析显示，优化复制策略、宽基指数ETF与中小规模产品受益更为显著。进一步研究发现，该机制显著改善了流动性基础薄弱ETF的跟踪误差，缓解了市场“马太效应”。本文从制度演变的视角系统揭示了ETF市场流动性服务机制的微观传导与结构性影响，为提升ETF基金运行质量与健全ETF市场功能提供了实证支持与政策启示。

This study shows how price limit rules, intended to stabilize markets, inadvertently distort price dynamics by fostering strategic speculation. Through a dynamic rational expectations model, we demonstrate that price limits induce post limit-up price jumps by impeding full information incorporation, enabling speculators to artificially push prices to upper bounds and exploit uninformed traders. The model predicts two distinct patterns: (1) stocks closing at price limits exhibit positive overnight returns followed by long-term reversals, and (2) stocks retreating from upper bounds suffer sharp reversals with partial recovery. Empirical analysis confirms these predictions. A natural experiment from China’s 2020 GEM reform —- which widened the price limit -— further provides causal evidence that relaxed limits mitigate speculative distortions.

随着中国经济转型与绿色发展的深入，绿色全要素生产率逐渐成为衡量区域绿色发展与经济效率的重要指标。本文基于2006—2022年中国279个地级市的面板数据，通过双重差分模型实证分析了科技金融对绿色全要素生产率与绿色全要素生产率区域差距的影响。研究发现：（1）科技金融显著提高了绿色全要素生产率并缩小了绿色全要素生产率区域差距。（2）科技金融可通过提升财政投资力度与绿色基金规模助力绿色全要素生产率提升与绿色全要素生产率区域差距的缩小。（3）科技金融对绿色全要素生产率与绿色全要素生产率区域差距存在城市规模、城市特征与地理区域的异质性影响。（4）科技金融对绿色全要素生产率存在显著的正向空间溢出效应，对绿色全要素生产率区域差距存在显著的负向空间溢出效应。研究不仅从绿色全要素生产率与绿色全要素生产率区域差距的角度深化了科技金融影响的研究，也为理解科技金融对区域协调发展的作用提供了理论依据。

本文基于研发“投入—产出”弹性构建研发回报指标，发现制造业技术前沿化提升了企业研发回报。结构分析显示，行业与国际技术前沿均促进研发回报，其中国际前沿作用更显著。作用机制体现为投融资协同与供需协同两个方面。异质性研究表明，高精尖行业/企业对技术前沿化敏感度更高；创新型产业集群及制度保障完善区域的促进效应更明显。经济后果分析发现，技术前沿化对研发回报的提升存在长期影响，其通过创新成果转化提高企业生产效率与经营业绩。

本文以沪深港通交易制度实施为准自然实验，选取2011-2023年沪深A股上市公司数据，探究金融开放对企业产品竞争力的影响机制。研究发现：（1）沪深港通交易制度的实施显著提升了企业的产品竞争力，此结论经过一系列稳健性检验后仍成立；（2）机制检验表明，沪深港通交易制度主要通过两条路径来提升企业产品竞争力，一是竞争压力倒逼效应，推动企业实施产品差异化战略和提升创新能力，重塑竞争优势。二是资源配置效应，通过优化人力资本结构，改善融资环境和拓展出口渠道，帮助企业实现要素升级，进而增强产品竞争力；（3）异质性检验发现，政策效果在资本密集型行业、盈利能力低及环境信息披露质量低样本中更为显著。本文丰富了金融开放对企业影响的实证研究，为党的二十大提出的“推进高水平制度型开放”提供了微观证据。

Using unique account-level data from a leading Chinese fintech platform, we investigate how financial influencers, the key information intermediaries in social finance, attract followers through a process of social transmission bias. We document a robust performance-following pattern wherein retail investors overextrapolate influencers’ past returns rather than rational learning in the social network from their past performance. The transmission bias is amplified by two mechanisms: (1) influencers’ active social engagement and (2) their index fund-heavy portfolios. Evidence further reveals influencers’self-enhancing reporting through selective performance disclosure. Crucially, the dynamics ultimately increase risk exposure and impair returns for follower investors.

A strong reputation is a cornerstone of corporate finance theory, widely believed to relax financial constraints and lower capital costs. We challenge this view by identifying an ‘reputation paradox’: under modern risk-sensitive regulation, for firms with long-term liabilities, a better reputation may paradoxically increase capital strain. We argue that the improvement of firm’s reputation alters customer behavior , , which extends liability duration and amplifies measured risk. By using the life insurance industry as an ideal laboratory, we develop an innovative framework that integrates LLMs with actuarial cash flow models, which confirms that the improved reputation increases regulatory capital demands. A comparative analysis across major regulatory regimes—C-ROSS, Solvency II, and RBC—and two insurance products, we further demonstrate that improvements in reputation affect capital requirements unevenly across product types and regulatory frameworks. Our findings challenge the conventional view that reputation uniformly alleviates capital pressure, emphasizing the necessity for insurers to strategically align reputation management with solvency planning.

This paper provides evidence that some seasoned equity offerings are motivated by public information. We test this channel in the supply chain setting, where supplier managers are more attentive than outside investors to customer news. We find that supplier firms are more likely to issue seasoned equity when their customer firms have negative earnings surprises. The results are mitigated when there is common scrutiny on the customer-supplier firm pairs by outside investors and analysts. Furthermore, long-run stock market performance appears to be worse for firms that issue seasoned equity following the negative earnings surprise of their customer firms.

This study examines the economic consequences of China’s Three-Red-Lines policy—introduced in 2021 to cap real estate developers’ leverage by imposing strict thresholds on debt ratios and liquidity. Developers breaching these thresholds experienced sharp declines in financing, land acquisitions, and financial performance, with privately-owned developers disproportionately affected relative to state-owned firms. Using granular project-level data, we document significant drops in sales and a demand shift from private to state-owned developers. The policy also reduced local governments’ land sale revenues, prompting greater reliance on hidden local government financing vehicles for land purchases. The policy induced broad structural changes in China’s housing and land markets.

摘 要：随着互联网与电子贸易的发展，用户的个人隐私保护机制已成为当今社会的热点议 题之一。本文探讨《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》实施对企业创新的影响。选取2021年《个 人信息保护法》的实施作为准自然实验以构建双重差分模型，并以机构投资者和分析师关注度为 中介变量构建机制分析。在《个人信息保护法》实施后，实验组比对照组的每年专利数量增量减 少了 12.4%。《个人信息保护法》的实施短期内对企业获职数据的能力造成限制，因此会抑制数 字化转型程度较高的企业的创新活动。此外，机制分析表明《个人信息保护法》通过抑制机构持 股比例和分析师关注度进而抑制企业创新，这一结论与异质性检验结果一致，即尽管长远看有助 于构建健康数字经济环境，该抑制效应短期内在国有高数字化转型水平企业及非四大审计的企业 中更为显著。