摘要：数字经济时代，“人数”协同的多层次整合成为突破关键核心技术“卡脖子”难题的核心机制。基于沪深A股上市公司2012-2023年数据，本文构建耦合协调模型测度人力资本与数据资产的协同度，并依托技术-组织-生态多层次整合框架，实证检验“人数”协同对关键核心技术突破的影响与作用机制。研究发现：（1）“人数”协同显著提升企业关键核心技术突破效能；（2）“人数”协同通过在技术层激发创新螺旋、在组织层优化资源配置和在生态层构建战略联盟，来促进企业关键核心技术突破。（3）异质性分析表明高资源禀赋企业通过“人数”协同突破关键核心技术的边际效能显著更高，印证“人数”协同是资源禀赋的“增效器”。本文从多层次整合视角拓展了数据资产与人力资本融合的理论边界，为企业在数据资产化管理过程中发挥数据要素的乘数效应，促进企业关键核心技术突破提供了实践范式。

支持和引导小股东参与治理是保障投资者合法权益和提高上市公司治理水平的重要环节，对于健全投融资协调的资本市场功能和促进上市公司高质量发展具有重要意义。本文以2014-2023年沪深A股非金融业上市公司为样本研究了小股东参与治理出现的意见分歧对股票错误定价的影响。研究发现：小股东意见分歧会显著增强股票错误定价；机制分析表明，小股东意见分歧通过减少公司特质信息含量、降低公司信息披露质量和信息传递效率影响股票错误定价；异质性分析表明，小股东意见分歧对错误定价的负面影响随信息不对称程度和融资约束程度的提高而增强，随投资目标财务相关性的增强而削弱。本文研究结论对于优化上市公司小股东治理机制，促进上市公司高质量发展具有实践指导意义。

突破性创新是破解我国创新质量短板、实现科技自立自强的关键路径，也是企业在不确定环境下获得持续竞争优势的重要支撑。本文以2015-2023年A股上市公司为研究样本，通过机器学习与文本分析方法构建高管长期主义变量，运用企业发明专利CD指数测量突破性创新水平，探究高管长期主义特质对企业突破性创新的影响及作用机制。研究发现：高管长期主义对企业突破性创新具有显著的促进效应。机制分析表明，高管长期主义通过提升企业自主研发水平、促进人力资本积累以及抑制外部并购等路径，提升了企业突破性创新水平。高管团队断裂带削弱了高管长期主义对企业突破性创新的促进作用。异质性检验发现，在非国有企业与处于衰退期的企业中，高管长期主义对企业突破性创新的促进作用更加显著。研究结论有助于丰富时间导向影响高管创新决策的研究，并为企业实现从“外源依赖”到“内生驱动”的突破性创新路径演进提供了新的理论解释。

Developing countries are taking advantage of FinTech tools to provide more people with convenient access to financial market investment through digital wealth management. Using COVID-19 as an uncertainty shock, we examine whether and how digital wealth management affects the resilience of consumption to shocks based on a unique micro dataset provided by a leading Big Tech platform, Alipay in China. We find that digital wealth management mitigates the response of consumption to uncertainty shocks: residents who participate in digital wealth management, especially in risky asset investments, have a lower reduction in consumption. Importantly, digital wealth management helps improve financial inclusion, with a more pronounced mitigation effect among residents with lower-level wealth, living in less developed areas, and those with lower-level conventional finance accessibility. The mitigation effect works through the wealth channel: those who allocate a larger proportion of risky assets in their portfolio and obtain a higher realized return show more resilience of consumption to negative shocks. We also find that digital wealth management substitutes for conventional bank credit but serves as a complement to FinTech credit in smoothing consumption during uncertainty shocks. Digital wealth management provides a crucial way to improve financial inclusion and the resilience of consumption to shocks.

In the wave of digital and intelligent transformation, corporate governance is undergoing profound changes. This paper, from the perspective of green governance and sustainable development, explores the new trends in corporate governance under this background, such as data-driven decision-making and the application of intelligent technologies in supervision; analyzes the new challenges faced, including data security and privacy protection, and the digital divide; and based on relevant theories, combined with practical cases and using data models and other methods, explores new paths, aiming to provide theoretical and practical guidance for enterprises to achieve the coordinated and simultaneous progress of digitalization, intelligentization, greenization, and sustainable development.

环境行政处罚作为环境规制的核心手段，在促进企业绿色创新方面发挥着重要作用。深入探究其影响机制及异质性效应是优化环境政策设计的重要议题。本研究以2010—2019年沪深A股上市公司为研究对象，结合网络爬虫技术获取的环境行政处罚数据，运用Staggered DID（交错双重差分模型）与双变量Tobit模型，分析了政府环境处罚对企业绿色创新的影响机制和异质性作用。研究发现，政府绿色行政处罚对企业绿色创新具有正向积极作用：一方面，绿色发明型专利和实用新型专利的申请数量与质量得到提升；另一方面，该效应在控制企业异质性与动态趋势后依然稳健。进一步的异质性分析表明，相较于大型企业，小型企业在行政处罚后展现出更为敏感的绿色创新响应，尤其是实用新型专利的增长表现更为显著；此外，制造业企业的绿色创新提升幅度显著高于非制造业企业。在中介机制方面，分析发现环境行政处罚主要通过改善企业信息披露透明度和缓解融资约束，间接驱动企业的绿色技术创新。更为重要的是，本文发现PM2. 5污染与行政处罚存在显著的交互作用，凸显了区域环境治理与宏观创新战略协同的重要性。基于研究发现，本文提出以下政策建议：一是优化环境规制工具的差异化设计，二是构建动态信用评级体系，三是加强政策协同。这些研究结论为提升环境规制的精准性、激发企业的绿色转型提供了坚实的理论依据和实证支持。

本文基于2011-2022年城市层面与A股上市公司数据，采用多维面板固定效应模型与双重差分法（DID），系统考察了国外技术引进对企业数字化转型的影响及其作用机制。研究发现，国外技术引进通过技术转移基地的设立显著促进了企业数字化转型，且这一结果在控制了企业特征与城市特征后依然稳健。技术溢出效应是数字化转型的重要中介路径，国外技术引进通过提升数字经济领域专利授权量推动了企业数字化转型，但对专利申请的影响较小。异质性分析表明，国外技术引进对国有企业、参与国际贸易企业以及融资约束较小企业的促进作用更为显著；高技术制造业企业比中低技术制造业企业更易从技术引进中获益，而服务业企业的数字化转型受技术引进的影响较小。城市异质性分析显示，非省会城市、内陆城市以及新基础设施较发达城市的技术引进对企业数字化转型的促进作用更为显著。本文的研究为理解企业数字化转型过程中，国外技术引进的作用提供了经验证据，同时也为相关政策制定提供了重要参考。

Recent research highlights the significant impact of managerial industry tournament incentives on internal firm decisions. However, their potential impact on external stakeholders-in the context of evolving product market relationships-has received scant attention. To address this gap, we examine the effect of customer aspiration, incentivized by CEO industry tournaments (CITIs), on supplier innovation. Utilizing customer-supplier pair-level data from 1992 to 2018, we establish that customer CITIs enhance supplier innovation, both in quantity and quality. Additionally, we identify that CITIs positively impact the relationship-specific innovation and market valuation for suppliers. The effect of CITIs is more pronounced when customers are larger, geographically closer, socially connected, and have long-standing relationships with their suppliers. The results remain robust to alternative specifications and considering potential endogeneity issues. Our study highlights the bright side of executives’ industry tournament incentives, which not only drive innovation within the sector but can also positively influence related sectors within the supply chain.

We develop a model economy with active financial markets in which a policymaker's adoption of a gradualistic approach constitutes a Bayesian Nash equilibrium. In our model, the ex ante policy proposal influences the supply side of the economy, while the ex post policy action affects the demand side and shapes market equilibrium. When choosing policies, the policymaker internalizes the impact of her decisions on the precision of the firm-value signal. Moreover, financial markets provide a price signal that informs the government. The policymaker learns about the productivity shocks not only from firm-value performance signals but also from financial market prices. Access to information through both channels creates strong incentives for the policymaker to adopt a gradualistic approach in a time-consistent manner. Smaller policy steps yield more precise information about the productivity shock. These results hold robustly for both exogenous and endogenous information models.

There is substantial evidence indicating that enterprises are negatively impacted by climate risk, with the most direct effects typically occurring in financial domains. This study examines A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2023, employing text analysis to develop the firm-level climate risk indicator and investigate the influence on corporate financial risk. The results show a significant positive correlation between climate risk and financial risk at the firm level. Mechanism analysis shows that the negative impact of climate risk on corporate financial condition is mainly achieved through three paths: increasing financial constraints, reducing inventory reserves, and increasing the degree of maturity mismatch. To address potential endogeneity, this study applies instrumental variable tests, propensity score matching, and a quasi-natural experiment based on the Paris Agreement. Additional tests indicate that reducing the degree of information asymmetry and improving corporate ESG performance can alleviate the negative impact of climate risk on corporate financial conditions. This relationship is more pronounced in high-carbon emission industries. In conclusion, this research deepens the understanding of the link between climate risk and corporate financial risk, providing a new micro perspective for risk management, proactive governance transformation, and the mitigation of financial challenges faced by enterprises.