商业银行开展普惠金融服务到底是出于声誉还是绩效考虑？本文在理论论证传统普惠金融模式对商业银行的负向激励与信息化普惠金融改进银行绩效的机制基础上，以某大型商业银行信息化普惠金融县域层面的数据进行检验。结果发现：与网点扩张型普惠金融模式相比，信息化普惠金融能够提高商业银行的盈利性和成长性，实现普惠金融的商业可持续性，进而提出商业银行信息化普惠金融发展的建议。

This study documents a pervasive inverse relationship between asset growth rates and bond performance among non-investment and low-investment grade bonds. We argue such inverse relation holds ex ante considering a high growth rate in firm total assets results in growth in tangible assets and lowers bond default probabilities. Our empirical finding supports this hypothesis. Tangible asset growth of poorly rated bonds is negatively associated with contemporaneous bond performance and expected default probability. The finding is robust to different economic conditions and investment sentiments.

发展绿色金融旨在促进企业生产方式低碳转型，尤其支持企业开展绿色创新。本文以绿色债券为例，利用双重差分模型研究了绿色金融对企业绿色创新的支持效应。研究发现，发行绿色债券显著提升了企业绿色创新能力，这主要体现在绿色发明专利和绿色实用新型专利两个方面，其中发行绿色债券对绿色发明专利的促进作用具有更好的动态持续性。异质性检验发现，国有企业、非重污染企业、无第三方认证企业、专利密集型企业在发行绿色债券后绿色创新表现更加积极。进一步分析发现，发行绿色债券对企业绿色创新的促进作用源于资源效应和监督效应两个机制。本文最直接的政策含义是，为企业实现环境保护与竞争力提升的“双赢”和加快发展绿色金融促进企业绿色创新进而更好地实现绿色经济发展提供了有益的理论借鉴。

Using political turnovers in mayoral appointments at the prefecture-city level in China, we show that investors in the municipal corporate bond market price their concerns for rising local political uncertainty into bonds and relocate capital toward other corporate bonds issued by local firms. Municipal/non-municipal corporate bond issue spreads increase (decrease) by 8.9 (14) basis points before the expected political turnover of mayors and reverse afterwards. The effect is more prominent for bonds issued in cities with investors who have a strong local preference, suggesting investors switch from MCBs to local non-MCBs in their bond holdings. The pricing effect is also stronger for bonds issued in regions with more developed financial markets and bonds with lower credit ratings. Lastly, bond market participants only price in the political risk induced by the turnovers of politician with direct involvement in local economic activities.

This study investigates the impact of independent directors' participation in the shareholders meeting on corporate governance, and finds that the more frequently the independent directors attend shareholder meetings, the lower the degree of earnings management by the enterprise; the mechanism test shows that more information increases the probability, frequency, and severity of independent directors’ subsequent dissenting opinions; This study identified a new channel for independent directors to independently obtain true information and this is of great significance for regulators, shareholders, company board, and other stakeholders with an interest in how the information influence independent directors governance effects.

The advantages and disadvantages of universal banking have long been debated. Using the successive granting of lead underwriter qualifications to commercial banks in China as a quasi-natural experiment, we study the impact of universal banking on non-financial firms’ investment decisions. We find that after a firm’s main lending banks qualify as lead underwriters, the firm’s investment increases by 7.7 to 8.3 percent on a gross or net basis. The underlying mechanism is that universal banking can generate informational economies of scope and relax constraints on the provision of external finance. In contrast, we find no evidence on the conflict of interest between universal banks and their customers. Our study, therefore, sheds light on the potential gains from universal banking.

We investigate the impact of the geographic proximity of underwriters on bond characteristics by using corporate and enterprise bonds issued in China from 2009 to 2019. We find bonds underwritten by underwriters in close geographic proximity are associated with lower financing costs, longer maturity in high and medium credit rating firms, shorter maturity in low credit rating firms, and lower default risk. Further, we find substitution effects between the geographic proximity of underwriter and underwriter reputation, and also between the geographic proximity of underwriter and firm transparency on reducing the costs of bond financing; i.e., a better reputation of the underwriter or higher transparency of the firm will weaken geographical proximate underwriters’ effects. Our results are robust in subsamples when firms have different degrees of local government connections.

Using samples of corporate bonds issued by Chinese A-share firms from 2007 to 2019, we examine how the type of local bond underwriting firm, specifically, whether the local underwriter has foreign shareholders or does not have foreign shareholders, affects the number of bond covenants. Our findings suggest that local underwriters with foreign shareholders (UFS) add more covenants to their bonds to protect the interests of bondholders than local underwriters without foreign shareholders (UNFS). Thus, having UFS underwrite bonds in an emerging market generally helps investor protection. Our conclusion remains robust to alternative metrics of bond covenants and foreign shareholders, and after accounting for endogeneity. Additional analyses suggest that the effect of UFS on bond covenants is more salient when: 1) the issuer is opaque, has a dual board chair and CEO, or is a non-state owned firm, 2) the issuer is located in a poor legal environment, in a low marketization area, or a region with poor economic development, or 3) the foreign shareholder of the local underwriter has experience in its home market, is from a country with a better legal environment, or has ample experience in the Chinese underwriting business.

This study investigates the effect of financial technology (FinTech) development on stock price crash risk. We show that the development of FinTech can inhibit management from deliberately hiding bad news and alleviate information asymmetry, thereby reducing stock price crash risk. This effect is more pronounced among non-state-owned enterprises, firms with poor information environments and low-quality internal controls, and those in competitive industries and regions with high marketization. Overall, these findings suggest that the development of FinTech can mitigate the deliberate concealment of bad news by management and improve the timeliness of disclosure, leading to lower risks faced by investors.

基于社会网络理论，从资金支持和技术知识角度构建资金流和知识流网络，并进行多重网络解耦研究。利用我国创业板 2010-2019 年科技型上市公司的资金来源数据及专利数据，构建以科技金融网络代表企业所处的资金流网络，以知识网络代表企业所处的知识流网络，将企业技术创新嵌入在科技金融网络与知识网络的多重网络结构中，探讨企业科技金融网络与知识网络的关系特征和结构特征对企业技术创新的影响，并分析科技金融网络联系强度和知识网络联系强度，分别对科技金融网络、知识网络结构特征与企业技术创新间关系的调节作用。实证结果表明，科技金融网络联系强度和中心度对企业技术创新均具 有正向影响，知识网络联系强度和中心度均对企业技术创新呈倒 U 型影响；科技金融网络联系强度对科技金融网络中心度与企业技术创新间正相关关系的调节作用不显著，但正向调节知识网络中心度与企业技术创新间的倒 U 型关系；知识网络联系强度负向调节科技金融网络中心度与企业技术创新的正相关关系，正向调节知识网络中心度与企业技术创新的倒 U 型关系。