• 详情 金融资产配置、融资约束与企业价值
    非金融企业配置金融资产是否有助于缓解融资约束、提升企业价值,是经济金融化的宏观背景下需要深刻考察的问题。本文以2008—2018年中国沪深两市非金融企业的季度数据为研究样本,构建计量模型分析金融资产配置的驱动因素以及完整机制。研究表明,金融资产配置与融资约束呈“U”型关系,尽管会产生一定的正向收入效应,然而替代效应与收入效应合力为负,直接通过中介效应挤出实体投资,降低企业价值,融资约束与金融资产的交互效应会放大冲击,对我国实体产业的发展带来负面影响。
  • 详情 过桥贷款、金融风险与资源配置效率
    过桥贷款作为一种短期、临时性的非正规金融工具,对我国经济发展与金融稳定有着多重影响。本文利用特有的银行贷款数据,识别样本区间内超过20%的上市公司有使用过桥贷款。证据表明,市场过桥贷款供给越多,实际不良贷款率与披露不良贷款率的相关性越弱,存在更大的隐性金融风险。为此,本文构建了一个包含银行与企业的两部门三期博弈模型,系统地分析过桥贷款的宏观经济效应。模型发现,银行因过桥贷款会逆向选择提高短期贷款利率、降低长期贷款利率,进而加剧了企业的流动性风险。过桥贷款对投资具有双向效应,一方面增加银行续贷可能、缓解部分企业的流动性短缺而促进它们的投资,另一方面增加短期融资成本、引发更多企业的流动性问题而抑制了投资。进一步的分析表明,过桥贷款增加会加剧信贷资源错配,因而产出最大化目标下的最优监管力度相比投资最大化下的最优监管力度更大。
  • 详情 Asset Allocation in Bankruptcy
    This paper investigates the consequences of liquidation and reorganization on the allocation and subsequent utilization of assets in bankruptcy. Using the random assignment of judges to bankruptcy cases as a natural experiment that forces some firms into liquidation, we find that the long-run utilization of assets of liquidated firms is lower relative to assets of reorganized firms. These effects are concentrated in thin markets with few potential users, and in areas with low access to finance. The results highlight the importance of local search frictions and financial frictions in affecting the allocation of assets in bankruptcy.
  • 详情 监管逆转与价值剥削——风险投资最终减持收益及影响研究
    风险投资在最终退出时是否获取了超额收益,退出后对被投资公司有何影响,是目前国内外风险投资研究领域之中的空白点。本文在测算 2007-2019 年 A股新上市公司大股东减持收益的基础之上,对风险投资最终退出所获收益以及对被投资公司的影响进行了全面的实证分析,研究结果发现:风险投资减持可以获得比 其他大股东减持更大的上市日至减持日的购买并持有异常收益率(BHAR)和减持期累计异常收益率(CAR),风险投资的实力越强,风险投资减持的收益越大;在高铁直通和风投投资人出任董事的情况下,风险投资可以获取更大的减持收益,形成了“监管逆转”现象;通过信息操纵,盈余管理和财务违规等途径,风险投资获取了更大的减持收益,实现了风险投资对被投公司的“价值剥削”,造成了风投退出后被投公司的业绩下滑。本文对于风险投资最终减持阶段的行为刻画具有重要贡献,对于全面认识风险投资最终退出的影响具有较强现实意义。
  • 详情 中国公募股票基金收益率研究——基金能够打败市场吗?
    公募基金是实现个体投资者机构化,以达到改善市场环境的主要途径之一,但由于忽略了基金管理能力存在差异,现有的文献无法提供证据证明公募基金可以改善市场定价效率。本研究以 2005-2020 年中国市场数据为基础,构建了股票的持股基金质量指标(而非权重),并研究了该指标对未来表现的预测能力。实证结果表明具有较好持股基金质量的股票表现显著优于较差的股票,基于该指标构建的套利组合可以获得年化 14%左右的超额收益,且该现象不能被基金持股权重、中国市场系统性风险和其他定价异象所解释。本文首次发现了公募基金提高了市场定价效率的直接证据,拓展了股票市场和基金市场的研究。实证结论意味着市场中仅有一部分具有有效管理能力的基金改善了市场质量,因此优化基金产品评价以提高市场资金配置效率对于加强散户投资“机构化”的正面作用有着深远意义。
  • 详情 期权隐含高阶矩的期限结构及收益率可预测性:来自A股期权市场的证据
    本文从含有时变高阶矩的条件资本资产定价模型(CAPM)出发,基于我国上证 50ETF期权数据,检验了期权隐含的风险中性各阶矩的期限结构中是否包含有助于预测市场收益率和波动率的有效信息。采用偏最小二乘回归(PLS)的数据降维方法,我们发现:在 2015 到 2020年样本期内,从 50ETF 期权的隐含方差和高阶矩的期限结构中所提取的因子能显著地样本外预测未来 2 至 8 周的市场收益,且该预测能力在控制了常见的经济预测变量后仍十分显著。并且,从期权隐含方差的期限结构中所提取的因子能样本外预测市场波动。基于上述市场收益率和波动率预测的择时策略可以给投资者带来显著的经济价值。我们的实证分析表明:有别于已有文献中的经济预测变量,50ETF 期权市场可为投资者提供关于市场收益与风险之间短期权衡关系的特有信息。
  • 详情 互联网金融发展对我国商业银行系统性风险的影响——基于SVAR模型的实证检验
    随着金融市场和计算机信息技术的不断发展和渗透,互联网金融对商业银行的影响越来越明显。 在阐述相关理论的基础上,本文首先运用主成分分析法测算了我国商业银行的系统性风险。接着,运用SVAR模型等计量方法实证研究了互联网金融发展对我国商业银行系统性风险的影响。结果表明: 互联网金融发展主要通过影响银行的资产负债结构,进一步影响银行的成本收入比,进而对我国商业银行系统性风险产生影响。且它对银行系统性风险的影响存在“期限结构效应”,即互联网金融发展在短期内会增加我国银行系统性风险,但从中长期来看,对我国银行系统性风险的影响并不大,互联网金融与传统银行可作为互利共生的事物共同发展。 最后,本文分析了结论的形成原因并提出了相关政策建议。
  • 详情 The Diversification Benefits and Policy Risks of Accessing China's Stock Market
    China's stock market (the "A share market'') has a lower correlation with the global market and is less affected by international financial contagions than any other major economy. The inclusion of mainland China stocks into an international portfolio increases its Sharpe ratio. However, we find that Chinese stocks providing the most diversification benefits also carry the most policy risk for international investors. Holding Chinese stocks listed in Hong Kong does not reap the same diversification benefits. While global market integration and the increase in foreign ownership can diminish diversification benefits, mainland China stocks still provide valuable diversification opportunities for international investors up till the most recent time in late 2010s.
  • 详情 Leverage-induced fire sales and stock market crashes
    We provide direct evidence of leverage-induced fire sales contributing to a market crash using account-level trading data for brokerage- and shadow-financed margin accounts during the Chinese stock market crash of 2015. Margin investors heavily sell their holdings when their account-level leverage edges toward their maximum leverage limits, controlling for stock-date and account fixed effects. Stocks that are disproportionately held by accounts close to leverage limits experience high selling pressure and abnormal price declines which subsequently reverse. Unregulated shadow-financed margin accounts, facilitated by FinTech lending platforms, contributed more to the crash despite their smaller asset holdings relative to regulated brokerage accounts.
  • 详情 The Effect of the China Connect
    We analyze the effects on Chinese firms of the "China Connect" equity market liberalization. Because China is a capital abundant country, unlike typical emerging markets in the literature, the benefits and costs of liberalization are logically different. Nonetheless, the liberalization brought benefits: lower funding costs, higher stock prices, and more investment for connected firms compared to unconnected firms, despite a common negative effect on all firms from capital outflows. These benefits come from a new channel: reducing domestic credit misallocation between private- and state-owned enterprises. We also document costs: connected firms became more sensitive to external shocks than unconnected firms.