近段时间以来，各种媒体期刊上关于住房按揭贷款的两种还款方式：“等额本息”（即等额还款法）和“等额本金”（即递减还款法）的争论如火如荼。争论的一个焦点问题在于两者的利息差额。本文从实证的角度证明，对银行来说，在同样的贷款利率下，对于两种还款方式，银行的收益是一样的；但对消费则而言则不同。因为消费者资金的使用收益可能低于也可能高于银行的贷款利率。因而消费者在考虑还款方式时，应该考虑到自身的实际情况。如果消费者是个保守的理财者可以考虑使用递减还款法；反之，如果消费者的理财方式比较激进，则可以考虑使用等额还款法。

We provide a comprehensive analysis of the out-of-sample performance of a wide variety of spot rate models in forecasting the probability density of future interest rates. While the most parsimonious models perform best in forecasting the conditional mean of many financial time series, we find that the spot rate models that incorporate conditional heteroskedasticity and excess kurtosis or heavy-tails have better density forecasts. GARCH significantly improves the modeling of the conditional variance and kurtosis, while regime switching and jumps improve the modeling of the marginal density of interest rates. Our analysis shows that the sophisticated spot rate models in the existing literature are important for applications involving density forecasts of interest rates.

We try to explain the severe under-pricing of 523 A-share IPOs in the Chinese markets from 1997 to 2001 using institutional characteristics, absolute value, and relative value of IPO. We find that relative values of IPO are critical determinants of the severe under-pricing of A-share IPOs in China. We also find that relaxing government regulation of offering price increases under-pricing, and thus conclude that the severe under-pricing of A-share IPOs in China is not caused by the government regulation of offering price. We propose a relative value theory to explain why relaxing government regulation of offering price results in higher under-pricing and find some support for the theory.

In this paper we use artificial neural network (ANN) to empirically analyze the liquidity values of the non-floating shares and the influencing factors to China’s stock market in the background of China’s listed companies split share stricture reform. We try to use a proportion which the company’s non-floating shareholders offer compensation to the floating shareholders to test the liquidity values of the non-floating shares and use MATLAP establish a feed-forward BP neural network model to analyze and forecast according to the data of the companies which have announced and actualized their split stricture reform plans. In expansion analysis, we use the perturbation method to measure the influence of these parameters on the liquidity values of the non-floating. As result, the character of the shares, the share structure and the ratio of the shares by the principal shareholder held are the main influencing factors.

证券的收盘价无论在学术研究还是实务应用中都有重要的意义。本文介绍了国内外证券交易所采用的主要收盘价决定方式，并对各种方式进行了比较。集合竞价方式在避免收盘价被操纵，维持收盘价的稳定性、连续性和代表性上的优势，使得越来越多的交易所采取这种方式决定收盘价，而单笔交易价格方式有被淘汰的趋势。

商业银行损益扭曲，既有人为的违规操作因素，还包括会计政策、会计中的不确定所需的会计估计、会计标准以及国家宏观调控政策等会计财务环境的影响；要使其归真，必须净化社会环境，实行谨慎会计政策，借鉴发达国家的经验，以《会计法》和《商业银行法》为准绳、以会计准则和会计制度为依据，按实质重于形式的原则分析业务收支的真实性和合理性，制止不正当竞争，对违规的授意者和操作者严肃查处，标本兼治、恢复银行“三铁”声誉。

本文以浙江省的上市公司为例，就独立董事和董事会结构、股权结构之间的关系做了实证研究。本文的研究表明我国上市公司中的外部监督正逐步加强，在董事会结构调整的博弈过程中，内部人没有占优。我们的研究表明独立董事能减少内部人控制问题，有助于公司治理结构的改善，但是控股股东持有过高的股权比例是制约独立董事发挥作用的重要因素，我们支持在公司治理结构中引入独立董事制度，但是同时应该对上市公司进行股权改革。我们的研究发现随着总经理持股比例的增加，其更有动力利用独立董事掌握的社会资源和专家才能。我们的研究表明在我国二元体系的公司治理结构中引入独立董事制度将导致两个监督机制的冲突，完全照搬英美国家的独立董事制度可能并不是我国二元体系下改善公司治理结构的最佳途径。

本文以个股月平均收益率、β值、总风险、夏普比率和特雷诺比率为衡量指标，以中国上海股市高科技板块1997年到2000年的数据作为样本总体，先根据专家推荐法与因子旋转法认定庄股，再以实证数据测算了在特定时期内投资庄股的价值，本文认定投资庄股比投资非庄股更有理性，因为这些股票具有更高的平均收益率和单位风险溢价补偿，所以可能是理性投资。但这些庄股的本性决定了散户投资者从中获利的概率非常小，所以投资悖论在于有利的投资机会的存在与投资收益无法实现的矛盾。

Opacity (the converse of transparency) has only recently received attention as it has been considered to be linked to a series of financial crises. This study utilizes Price Waterhouse Cooper’s 2001 opacity indices and capital flow data from the World Bank and Bank for International Settlement. Capital flows are disaggregated into categories of foreign direct investment flows by multinational enterprises, portfolio capital flows and international bank lending. Regression analysis supports the idea that higher opacity leads to a reduction in capital flows, in general. The results have policy-relevant implications as countries wishing to enhance capital inflows need to reduce the level of opacity in decision-making. More interestingly, however, the investigation with opacity sub- indices shows higher capital flows, in general, were associated with higher opacity in corruption and regulatory indices corroborating some existing evidence in the FDI literature that opacity will influence the choice of entry mode rather than the actual level of flows. In addition, the paper supports the notion that Bank Assurance mechanisms are highly desirable with regard to international bank lending, as the nature of these flows means that they are more influenced by general levels of opacity and are less responsive than FDI and portfolio flows.

我国社会信用环境欠佳，抵押贷款发展较快，但其实际效果受到许多因素的影响。本文设计、讨论了衡量抵押贷款实际效果的核心指标，抽样调查了抵押贷款的实际效果，通过实证研究，初步分析了影响抵押贷款实际效果的关键因素，提出了政策建议。