Purpose – The aim of this paper is to provide additional insights on the association between real earnings management (REM) and crash risk, particularly from the perspective of an emerging market economy. It also examines the moderation role that internal and external corporate governance may play in this area. Design/methodology/approach – Relying on archival data from the RESSETand CSMAR databases over a timeframe from 2010 to 2018 of China listed company, the authors test the hypotheses by regressing common measures of crash risk on the treatment variable (REM) and crash risk control variables identified in the prior crash risk literature. The authors also introduce monitoring proxies (internal controls as an internal governance and institutional ownership as an external governance) and assess how effective internal and external governance moderate the relation between REM and stock price crash risk. Findings – The results suggest firms with higher REM have a significantly greater stock price crash risk, and that this association is mitigated by external monitoring. That is, greater institutional ownership, particularly pressure insensitive owners, mitigates the impact of REM on stock price crash risk. However, internal control does not mitigate the association between REM and stock price crash risk. Originality/value – Following the passage of the Sarbanes–Oxley (SOX) Act, prior research has documented an increase in the use of REM and a positive association between REM and cash risk. The authors demonstrate that they persist in one of the largest emerging markets where institutional regulations, market conditions and corporate behaviors are different from those in developed markets. Also, the assessment of the moderation effect of internal and external governance mechanisms could have meaningful implications for investors and regulators in Chinese and other emerging markets.

Purpose – For Chinese companies that cross-list in Chinese A share and Hong Kong (H share) markets, the H share price has been consistently lower than the A share price by an average of 85% in recent years. This is puzzling because most institutional differences between the two markets have been eliminated since 2007. The purpose of this study is to explain the puzzle of the price difference of AþH companies. Design/methodology/approach – Using all A and H share Chinese firms in the period 2007–2013 and a simultaneous equations approach, this study identifies three new explanations for the recent price difference. Findings – First, utilizing a unique earning quality measure that is directly related to non-persistent components of fair value accounting under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), this study finds that the lower the earnings quality, the lower the H share price relative to the A share price, and hence the greaterthe price difference. Second, the higherthe myopic investor ownership in A share firms, the largerthe A share price relative to the H share price. Third, the short-selling mechanism introduced to the A share market since 2010 helps reduce the price difference. Originality/value – First, this study identifies three new explanations for the puzzle of the AH price difference which remains substantial even afterthe institutional and accounting standards differences between the two markets were eliminated. Second, we examine the impact of the implementation of fair value accounting under IFRS in an emerging market on the pricing difference of cross-listed shares and reveal that it can induce an unintended negative consequence on the pricing difference of cross-listed shares. Third, this study contributes to the literature on short sales by providing its mitigating role in pricing differences across two different markets. Finally, this study makes improvements in research design, which utilizes a unique measure of earnings quality that is directly related to the implementation of IFRS and a simultaneous equations approach that minimizes endogeneity concern.

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of information disclosure by unlisted bond issuers on the stock price informativeness of listed firms in the same industry. Design/methodology/approach – This paper takes advantage of information disclosure during the bond issuance and examines the spillover effect of unlisted bond issuers’ information disclosure on listed firms in the stock market. The sample is composed of A-share firms listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2007 to 2018. All the data are obtained from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research and WIND databases. The impact of bond market information disclosure on price informativeness of listed firms in the same industry is identified through multivariate regression analyses. Findings – Empirical results show that price informativeness of listed firms has a significantly positive association with the information disclosure of same-industry unlisted bond issuers. Further analyses show that the above finding is more significant when information disclosure of bond issuers is a more important channel for acquiring industry information (i.e. when industry is more concentrated, when economic uncertainty is high, and when industry information is less transparent) and understanding the industry competitive landscape (i.e. when bond issuers are relatively large, when bond issuers and listed firms have more direct product competition, when bond issuance firms are large-scale state-owned business groups), and when there are more cross-market information intermediaries (i.e. more cross-market institutional investors and more sellside analysts).This paperindicates that information disclosure of bond issuers has a positive spillover effect on the stock market. Originality/value – The novelty of the research is that the authors examine industry information spillover from unlisted firms to listed firms leveraging on unlisted firms’ information disclosure in bond markets.

本文的研究目的是探究数字加密货币与中国金融市场之间的关系， 并采用小波分析和溢出指数法等方法进行量化分析。经过深入研究，本文得出 以下主要结论。第一，数字加密货币和中国金融市场对外界事件的冲击反应具 有显著特征，并存在着显著的相关性和长期依赖性。不仅数字加密货币对中国 金融市场波动产生影响，中国金融市场的波动也会影响数字加密货币价格的波 动。第二，从静态和动态角度衡量溢出效应发现，数字加密货币和中国金融市 场之间存在溢出效应。在静态情况下，溢出效应并不明显，而动态情况下溢出 效应较为明显，尤其在极端经济事件中，数字加密货币与中国金融市场之间的 溢出关系会呈现极端风险溢出现象。第三，本文还考察了突发事件和政策不确 定性对总溢出关系的影响。结果显示，地缘政治风险、贸易摩擦以及美国经济 政策不确定性会加剧比特币对中国金融市场的影响，而中国经济政策不确定性 则会缓和数字加密货币对中国金融市场的影响。这些结论有助于金融机构和投 资者更好地理解和应对数字加密货币对金融市场的影响，同时也为相关政府部 门制定监管政策提供了重要参考。

实现区域间技术要素的联通、转移与高效配置,需要破除阻碍技术要素自由流动的体制机制障碍。文章基于技术要素市场化配置机理,结合政府职能转变视角,通过观测 199 个城市之间技术要素流动的 39 402 种可能的路径,构建城市间“匹配流动模型”,实证分析了降低制度性交易成本对城市间技术要素流动的影响。论证指出：降低制度性交易成本可以使创新主体建立广泛的交流合作,促进技术要素的创造、运用及转化,实现其经济价值。从城市层面来看,具有较低制度性交易成本的城市能够吸引更多技术要素流入,该城市的技术要素也会更多地被其他城市接收。同时,城市间技术要素流动存在显著的“协同效应”和“虹吸效应”,即技术要素会更多在制度性交易成本较低的城市之间流动,并且制度性交易成本相对较低的城市的技术要素净流出更少。进一步的作用 机制分析表明,当地理距离和交通基础设施等客观因素导致的交通运输成本较低时,降低制度性交易成本可以更显著地促进技术要素在城市间流动。此外,当城市所处地区的创新创业活跃程度较高,对技术要素的需求较大时,降低制度性交易成本可以更加显著地促进技术要素流动及供需匹配。文章在一定程度上为“科斯定理”在技术市场中的应用提供了新的证据,探析了针对技术要素配置的科斯定理的内涵,可以为当前推动政府职能转变和优化公共服务提供理论依据,并为促进技术要素自主有序流动的改革举措提供政策参考。

Based on a unique arrangement of trading and disclosure times around earnings announcements in the Chinese stock market, we provide evidence of a striking overnight-intraday disparity in terms of the reaction to earnings news. Specifically, we find that the overnight period exhibits a strong and consistent reaction to earnings announcements, whereas the intraday period trades against both the earnings news and the prior market reaction during the overnight period. In addition, we show that abnormal overnight returns on earnings announcement days exhibit strong predictability for future stock returns, consistent with the overnight returns containing valuerelevant signals. In contrast, we observe no return predictability for abnormal intraday returns on earnings announcement days, which as a result, also undermines the return predictability of abnormal daily returns. We propose possible explanations for the overnight-intraday disparity. We conclude that the differences in trading mechanisms between the two periods as well as in investor composition likely drive the phenomenon.

We conduct a comprehensive study on momentum spillovers in the Chinese stock market using varioustypes of economic linkages. We find that the news co-mention momentum spillover is signiffcantly strongercompared to other forms of momentum spillovers. Using spanning tests and Fama-MacBeth regressions,we further show that the news co-mention momentum spillover uniffes all different forms of momentum spillover effects in the Chinese stock market. Notably, the analyst co-coverage momentum spillover effect, which is the dominant species in the US stock market, is subsumed by the news co-mention momentum spillover effect in the Chinese stock market. We further explore the differences in the information content of links implied by news co-mentioning and other proxies. We suggest that the dominance of news co-mention momentum spillover over others can be attributed to two primary factors: comprehensive information and prompt updates.

Under contemporary market conditions in China, the stock index has been volatile and highly reflect trends in the coronavirus pandemic, but rare scientific research has been conducted to model the nonlinear relations between the two variables. Added, on the advent that covid-related news in one time period impacts the stock market in another period, time delay can be an equally good predictor of the stock index but rarely investigated. This study utilizes high-frequency data from January 2020 to the first week of July 2022 to model the nonlinear relationship between the stock index, new covid cases and time delay under polynomial regression environment. The empirical results show that time delay and new covid cases, when modelled in a polynomial environment with optimal degree and delay, do present better representation (up to 16-fold) of the nonlinear relationship such predictors have with stock index for China. The representative delay model is used to project for up to 17 weeks for future trends in the stock index. From the findings, the prowess of the time delay polynomial regression is heavily dependent on instability in covid-related time trends and that researchers and decision-makers should consider modeling to cover for the unsteadiness in coronavirus cases.

The study reveals that the COVID-19 crisis has had a strong but one-off negative impact on the hedge fund industry. It also shows that during the new coronavirus pandemic, the main components of the hedge fund industry achieved only partially their main investment goal, i.e. they as a whole provided a hedge of the investment risk but did not produce higher than the market return in the conditions of a growing capital market. In this situation, due to the relatively stable М&A market, the Event-Driven Risk Arbitrage strategy was undoubtedly most successful, followed by the Emerging Markets, the Global Macro and the Long/Short Equity strategies. The worst performance was reported for the Fixed Income Arbitrage strategy due to the currently overvalued bond markets and to the expectations for higher inflation rates in the countries with developed capital markets.

股权激励会影响高管的环保态度,而高管环保态度与动机差异会导致企业不同的环境治理投入选择。文章基于 2009—2020 年我国沪深两市 A 股高污染企业的财务数据,考察了高管股权激励与企业环境治理投入的关系,探讨了高管股权激励影响环境治理投入的作用机制,并进一步分析了外部治理环境的异质性影响。研究结果表明：高管股权激励会抑制企业转移性环境治理投入,增加其实质性环境治理投入,提高企业环保积极性,该结论在考虑了内生性问题的影响后依然稳健；进一步研究发现,提升运营效率和抑制管理层短视是高管股权激励抑制转移性环境治理投入、增加实质性环境治理投入的重要机制；环境规制、市场竞争、媒体压力和分析师关注等具有调节效应,均能够强化高管股权激励与转移性环境治理投入的负向关系,促进高管股权激励与实质性环境治理投入的正向关系。文章的研究为我国企业治理和运营机制优化以及决策部门环境治理政策的完善提供了决策参考和经验证据。