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  • 详情 The Determinants and Consequences of IPOs in a Regulated Economy: Evidence from China
    Different from developed markets, Chinese government imposes strict control over the IPO market. Using a sample of 156 monthly returns over the period of 1996 to 2008, we find a positive relationship between the monthly issuing size and prior market return, suggesting that government decides the timing and size of issuance based on prior market condition. Different from previous findings, we find no evidence of decline in subsequent market return after IPO. However, IPO issuance has a significantly negative impact on the return momentum effect, while the degree of impact is indifferent to issuing size. We conjecture that the overall mild impact on subsequent market results from the government control over the IPO market.
  • 详情 The quality of securities firms’ earnings forecasts and stock recommendations: Do affiliation, geography and reputation matter in China?
    Using a unique database over local Chinese securities firm’s earnings forecasts and stock recommendations, it is shown that the average forecast error has decreased over time reflecting the maturing of the Chinese securities firms. Affiliated securities firms, defined as securities firms acting as investment banker/underwriter services, provide better earnings forecasts than un‐affiliated firms which is contrary to findings from other countries. Also, forecast errors produced by local securities firms and star analysts are smaller. Finally single authored reports have larger forecasts errors than reports with several authors. In general financial markets react to stock recommendations from securities firms, but markets du not react differently to stock recommendations from affiliated and un‐affiliated and local and non‐local firms despite their superior earnings forecasts. As for affiliated firms, local securities firms provide better forecasts but these are not recognized by the financial markets in their reactions to stock recommendations. On the other hand financial markets react stronger to recommendations from highly ranked securities firms compared to lower ranked firms even though there is no difference in their ability to forecast earnings. Finally financial markets react stronger to stock recommendations by star analysts.
  • 详情 Convertibility Restriction in China’s Foreign Exchange Market and its Impact on Forward Pricing
    Different from the well established markets such as the dollar-Euro market, recent CIP deviations observed in the onshore dollar-RMB forward market were primarily caused by conversion restrictions in the spot market rather than changes in credit risk and/or liquidity constraint. This paper proposes a theoretical framework under which the Chinese authorities impose conversion restrictions in the spot market in an attempt to achieve capital flow balance, but face the tradeoff between achieving such balance and disturbing current account transactions. Consequently, the level of conversion restriction should increase with the amount of capital account transactions and decrease with the amount of current account transactions. Such conversion restriction in turn places a binding constraint on forward traders’ ability to cover their forward positions, resulting in the observed CIP deviation. More particularly, the model predicts that onshore forward rate is equal to a weighted average of CIP-implied forward rate and the market’s expectation of future spot rate, with the weight determined by the level of conversion restriction. As a secondary result, the model also implies that offshore non-deliverable forwards reflect the market’s expectation of future spot rate. Empirical results are consistent with these predictions.
  • 详情 Alchemy in the 21st Century: Hedging with Gold Futures
    Recently, the Shanghai Futures Exchange (SHFE) introduced gold futures trading in China. This paper is the first to study the SHFE gold futures, and to evaluate the futures hedging effectiveness since the introduction. The results show that hedging with gold futures reduces the variance of a hedged gold spot position by about 88% in its first two years of existence. During the second half of 2008, however, when the global financial crisis escalated, the variance reduction dropped to about 70%. Overall, the new Chinese gold futures prove to be attractive and well-needed hedging vehicles for domestic Chinese gold producers, refiners, consumers and investors.
  • 详情 Is warrant really a derivative? Evidence from the Chinese warrant market
    This paper first studies the Chinese warrant market that has been developing since August 2005. Empirical evidence shows that the market prices of warrants are much higher systematically than the Black-Scholes prices with historical volatility. The prices of a warrant and its underlying asset do not support the monotonicity, perfect correlation and option redundancy properties. The cumulated delta-hedged gains for almost all expired warrants are negative. The negative gains are mainly driven by the volatility risk, and the trading values of the warrants for puts and the market risk for calls. The investors are trading some other risks in addition to the underlying risk.
  • 详情 A study on Chinese Yuan index and its Derivatives
    Following the successful experience of USDX, this paper gives a profile of how to design a foreign exchange index for China and elaborates three functions and implications of CNYX in foreign exchange market. This paper also demonstrate the models to get the equilibrium price of CNYX derivatives. CNYX derivatives provide traders and hedgers with a tool for avoiding risk and give a new approach for China’s large foreign reserve to optimize its structure to prevent the devaluation.
  • 详情 On the Pricing and Hedging of Volatility-linked Notes
    This paper investigates the pricing and hedging of a new volatility derivative in Mainland China, called volatility-linked notes. Firstly, we describe its underlying volatility-historical volatility of SHSCI and its specific clauses, then calibrate the underlying volatility using GARCH(1,1). It finds that the mean-reverting phenomenon of SHSCI volatility exists. Secondly, we propose two pricing model using replicated method and Monte-Carlo simulation, respectively. It works out similar outcomes. Finally, a Delta-hedging scheme of the volatility-linked notes is shown, however, the estimated result is not satisfactory as the absence of more efficient hedging instruments like index future.
  • 详情 Volatility Spillovers from the Chinese Stock Market to Economic Neighbours
    This paper examines whether there is evidence of spillovers of volatility from the Chinese stock market to its neighbours and trading partners, including Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan and USA. China's increasing integration into the global market may have important consequences for investors in related markets. In order to capture these potential eects, we explore these issues using an Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) return equation. A univariate GARCH model is then adopted to test for the persistence of volatility in stock market returns, as represented by stock market indices. Finally, univariate GARCH, multivariate VARMA-GARCH, and multivariate VARMA-AGARCH models are used to test for constant conditional correlations and volatility spillover eects across these markets. Each model is used to calculate the conditional volatility between both the Shenzhen and Shanghai Chinese markets and several other markets around the Pacic Basin Area, including Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, Taiwan and Singapore, during four distinct periods, beginning 27 August 1991 and ending 17 November 2010. The empirical results show some evidence of volatility spillovers across these markets in the pre-GFC periods, but there is little evidence of spillover eects from China to related markets during the GFC. This is presumably because the GFC was initially a US phenomenon, before spreading to developed markets around the globe, so that it was not a Chinese phenomenon.
  • 详情 The Pricing of Policy Instability in Interest Rates: The China Experience
    Our study is the first to examine the effect of policy instability on interest rates. China offers a natural setting for the experiment because financial market liberalization policy flip-flops recur. When a policy is reversed, interest rate level and spread can increase or decrease in the interbank repo market. Accounting for the bureaucratic quality of policymaking, we find that the nonpredictable, non-credible and non-timely reversal of an existing policy is related to higher interest rate spread and volatility, which represent higher risk premia in interest rates. Conversely, predictable, credible and timely reversal is related to lower interest rate spread and volatility. Our results suggest that bureaucratic quality is a moderating factor and high bureaucratic quality can reduce the risk premia of policy instability being priced in interest rates.
  • 详情 Intraday Dynamics of Volatility and Duration: Evidence from Chinese Stocks
    We propose a new joint model of intraday returns and durations to study the dynamics of several Chinese stocks. We include IBM from the U.S. market for comparison purposes. Flexible innovation distributions are used for durations and returns, and the total variance of returns is decomposed into different volatility components associated with different transaction horizons. Our new model strongly dominates existing specifications in the literature. The conditional hazard functions are non-monotonic and there is strong evidence for different volatility components. Although diurnal patterns, volatility components, and market microstructure implications are similar across the markets, there are interesting differences. Durations for lightly traded Chinese stocks tend to carry more information than heavily traded stocks. Chinese investors usually have longer investment horizons, which may be explained by the specific trading rules in China.