碳交易体系（ETS）通过市场机制以缓解碳排放问题，但是同时也会给相关企业增加额外的成本。自2005年欧盟ETS运行以来，各国ETS的推行对企业全球资源配置的影响亟待深入探讨。本文以BVD-Zephyr全球企业并购数据库在2002-2019年间超过18万个并购事件作为样本，采用双重差分（DID）的方法，分别从跨境并购数量和跨境并购财务表现两个方面检验了东道国ETS实施对企业跨境并购的影响及其渠道。实证结果显示，ETS实施导致东道国的跨境并购交易规模显著减少，表明企业在进行跨境并购时会采取规避行为，从而可能造成潜在的碳泄漏。此外，ETS的实施会降低通过跨境并购进入东道国企业的财务绩效。进一步分析发现，ETS推行的影响存在显著的行业差异，其中碳密集型行业往往承担更高的成本，从而受到更大的冲击；而ETS实施所带来的风险则可能是影响企业决策和财务绩效的重要原因。本研究为气候变化的实际经济影响提供了新的证据，为那些已经引入ETS、或者计划引入更严格气候政策的国家提供了决策参考。

This paper explores the widespread perception of insurers as bad payers, often accused of unjustly rejecting legitimate claims. We explore the mechanisms leading to this negative image by examining the strategic “nitpicking” behaviour of insurers. Such behaviour involves an insurer’s effort to find evidence that can help it cut the indemnities of honest claims. Our findings reveal that this nitpicking behaviour only arises in markets with asymmetric information, where policyholders are unable to observe insurers’ nitpicking strategies. Conversely, in markets with symmetric information, insurers lose the incentive to engage in nitpicking. Moreover, our study highlights that nitpicky behaviour leads to a reduction in welfare and Pareto-inefficiency. This is because nitpicking is essentially an overpriced gam- ble that charges lower premiums from policyholders at a no-loss state, but cuts actual indemnities received by policyholders at a loss state.

为深化利率市场化改革， 提高利率传导效率， 推动降低实体经济融资成本， 2019 年 8 月中国人民银行开始推行贷款市场报价利率（ Loan Prime Rate， 简称 LPR） 改革。 本文基于 LPR 改革这一准自然实验， 采用连续 DID 等方法探究 LPR 改革对实体经济融资的影响及其机制。 结果表明：第一， LPR 改革显著降低企业的融资成本；第二， LPR 改革提升了信贷配置效率， 高成长性企业贷款可得性显著上升；第三， LPR 改革对不同类型企业的融资成本产生异质性影响， 低风险企业、战略新兴产业企业和非国有企业的融资成本下降相对显著；第四， 微观机制结果验证了， LPR 改革不仅通过传统的竞争性机制推动降低实体经济融资成本， 还会通过利率传导机制与贷款定价机制畅通利率传导过程， 提升中小银行贷款定价能力， 降低实体经济融资成本。

Using text data from Reddit, we construct inter-firm linkages based on shared discussions and common authors on social media. We find that firms linked on social media have similar fundamentals characteristics. The positive predictability of the returns of their Reddit peer stocks on focal stocks’ future returns suggests a sluggish dissemination of information. Our findings show that social media activities capture the collective cognition of the public, effectively reflecting the financial network in an implicit way.

Corporate site visits provide investors with opportunities to obtain non-standard, tailored "soft" information about the firm. In this study, we investigate the impact of information disclosed from corporate site visits on stock market stability from the perspective of stock return volatility. Our findings suggest that it is the information disclosed rather than the visits themselves that significantly reduce stock return volatility, primarily by mitigating information asymmetry. Moreover, we observe that the volatility-mitigating effect of site visits is more pronounced when the visit information better aligns with investors' concerns and when it is more effectively disseminated. Our study contributes to the literature by demonstrating that the timely disclosure of site visit details serves as a stabilizing mechanism for stock prices through effective information mining and dissemination.

We propose a novel measure, DOT, to capture belief divergence on extreme tail events in stock returns. Defined as the standard deviation of expected probability forecasts generated by distinct information processing functions and neural network models, DOT exhibits significant predictive power for future stock returns. A value-weighted (equal-weighted) long-short portfolio based on DOT yields an average return of -1.07% (-0.98%) per month. Furthermore, we document novel evidence supporting a risk-sharing channel underlying the negative relation between DOT and the equity premium following extreme negative shocks. Finally, our findings are also in line with a mispricing channel in normal periods.

This paper examines the effect of financial shared service centers (FSSCs) on corporate misconduct. Using a sample of Chinese public companies with hand-collected FSSC data, we find that the adoption of FSSCs is negatively associated with the likelihood and frequency of corporate misconduct. The results hold to a battery of robustness tests. Moreover, we show that the negative association between FSSCs and corporate misconduct is more pronounced in firms that have no management equity ownership, disclose internal control weaknesses, and have more subsidiaries. Additional analyses indicate that FSSCs can help mitigate both disclosure-related and nondisclosure-related misconduct.

Testing the household Euler equation with consumption data faces econometric challenges caused by large measurement errors in the data and a short time span. We adopt a framework to test the Euler equation with stock market data to alleviate the measurement error and short time span issues. Utilizing a data-driven group panel data method, we identify a heterogeneous pattern of Euler equation failure among different groups of listed firms. The identified degree of Euler equation failure is significantly related to firm characteristics that are associated with famous stock anomalies. We show that the correlations between the degree of Euler equation failure and firm characteristics provide a new set of stylized facts that can help us distinguish between different economic theories on Euler equation failures and asset pricing anomalies, and identify challenges facing current theories.

We develop a signaling game model of investment to explore the effects of ambiguity aversion on corporate equilibrium strategies, investment dynamics, and financing decisions in incomplete markets with asymmetric information. Our analysis shows that volatility ambiguity aversion has a similar but more pronounced effect than asymmetric information, leading to higher financing costs, lower investment probabilities, and a greater likelihood of non-participation in investment. Importantly, volatility ambiguity aversion exhibits an amplifier effect, magnifying financing costs, adverse selection costs, and distortion in investment choices under asymmetric information. This increased ambiguity aversion raises the chances of inefficient separating and pooling equilibria, resulting in notable welfare losses. These findings highlight the significant impact of ambiguity aversion on strategic decision-making and equilibrium outcomes in investment, particularly in settings marked by information asymmetry and incomplete markets.

本文从数字化战略、数字化组织、数字化产品、数字化服务、数字化技术和数字化人才等六个一级指标和二十六个二级指标构建了银行数字化转型指标体系，进一步基于2010-2022年中国上市企业与其贷款银行的配对样本,考察银行数字化转型对企业投融资期限错配的影响。结论如下：银行数字化转型有助于改善企业投融资期限错配。银行数字化转型主要是通过银行数字化战略、数字化组织和数字化技术对企业投融资期限错配产生影响。机制分析表明，银行数字化转型通过 “融资期限结构调整”机制和 “融资约束缓解”机制改善企业投融资期限错配。异质性分析表明，对于高分析师关注、高研报关注，高企业数字化转型程度和低信息披露的企业，银行数字化转型能够更好地改善其投融资期限错配。银行数字化转型通过改善企业投融资期限错配进而提升了其盈利能力和可持续增长能力，同时缓解了企业的财务风险，但对企业经营风险的缓解作用不显著。银行金融科技对投资显。研究为银行数字化转型赋能实体经济提供了新的经验证据,为政策制定者、银行和企业提供了有益的参考和启示。