2014 年我国货币信用体系实现信用创造机制范式转型，正式进入以不动产为核心载体的抵押品经济时代。本文识别出中国不动产抵押品的核心结构参数，将其定义为不动产抵押品非对称乘数（Collateral Asymmetry Multiplier，CAM），其中枢估计值为2.37，95%置信区间为[2.16，2.55]。研究选取2001—2025年宏观数据，构建内嵌时变摩擦的不动产抵押品经济模型，综合采用 Bai-Perron 断点检验、NARDL非对称协整模型与历史地理外生工具变量实证识别。检验结果显示，2014年是信用锚转型的显著结构性断点；不动产抵押品下行收缩效应为上行扩张效应的2.37倍，高市场化区域强度放大至3.02倍；不动产抵押品价值波动通过资产负债表渠道抑制居民可选消费与企业投资，动产融资体系缺失持续放大非对称冲击。基于 CAM 参数的识别，提出差异化区域化宏观审慎方案，为信用周期调控提供量化依据。

现有研究多围绕广义货币 M2 开展总量分析，对交易货币M1的结构性功能关注不足，难以全面解读我国经济运行里 “宽货币、弱实体” 的典型特征。M1总规模、当期新增 M1、全口径债务利息支出、单位活期存款净减少四项核心数据，既有文献尚未将这些指标纳入统一框架做结构化测算。本文回归费雪1911年原始交易方程，构建 T1-T2-T3 交易层级三分法分析框架，引入M1灭失系数修正传统交易方程，设计债务利息消耗率与M1当期灭失率两项核心指标，借助双独立路径交叉验证完成 2000-2025 年全周期实证检验。测算结果表明，2025 年债务利息消耗率测算值为 104.29%，M1当期灭失率稳态值为9.18%，与9.67%的临界阈值仅差 0.49个百分点；官方观测数据与本文测算结果在全周期内的吻合度超过 99%，灭失率绝对误差低于 0.05%。机制检验结果显示，M1损耗在货币总量中的占比不足 10%，但可通过交易收缩、乘数衰减、流动性约束、门槛突变这四重机制形成非线性放大效应，其中中介效应占比达 47.2%，能单独将模型解释力提升 4.5 个百分点。本文从结构化视角证实交易货币的稳态损耗会对实体经济产生显著影响，为疏通货币传导提供可监测、可核验的量化工具。

货币结构研究长期存在一个核心困惑：1999-2019 年M1/QM存量比始终稳定在 1:2，2020 年后却出现持续性失锚。现有研究大多聚焦M1/M2增速剪刀差的短期周期特征，普遍忽视存量资金收支的底层约束，同时资本收益率与融资成本的核算口径混乱，导致不同研究结论缺乏可比性。本文构建居民-商业银行-实体企业三部门时变参数 DSGE 模型，采用白重恩（2006）国民核算法范式，采用MPK与全实体WACC对偶口径，提炼得到M1,tre,t=QMtrd,t这一收益等价核心恒等式。依托1999Q1-2026Q1跨国时序、全国年度、中国31省份季度面板三层数据，综合多套识别策略，分国别测算资本收益倍数Kt的破裂临界值：中国 1.801、日本 1.785、德国1.922，混合样本临界值1.803可作为类似制度特征工业化经济体的参考基准。当Kt跌破临界阈值时，存量货币持续从经营性活期向定期沉淀。纠正“单纯依靠放宽银行信贷供给就能改善货币结构、降息万能、紧盯历史比值调控”的政策误区。量化测算结果显示，累计新增 11.23 万亿元实体利润可修复收益闭环，经济体将自发形成适配现行制度的全新货币均衡比例。

既有研究普遍认为企业披露数据资产信息能有效降低股价同步性、提升资本市场定价效率。本文基于有限注意力理论，重新审视了数据资产信息披露对资本市场定价效率的影响。研究发现，数据资产信息披露的经济后果并非静态不变，而是随着市场整体披露密度的上升呈现出显著的边际递减特征。具体而言，在市场整体披露水平较低时，企业披露此类信息能有效吸引媒体报道、增加分析师追踪并吸引机构投资者持股，进而加速特质信息融入以降低股价同步性；然而随着披露的普遍化，同质化信息分散了投资者的注意力，弱化了上述机制。基于“龙虎榜”的准自然实验进一步证实，注意力的分散是导致披露效果发生变化的关键原因。异质性分析表明，即便在企业常规文本特质信息较少、地区信息传播环境优越或机构投资者注意力未被过度分散的情境下，这种因同质化披露引发的边际递减现象依然存在。本文拓展了有限注意力理论的适用边界，揭示了同质化信息对投资者注意力的分散作用，为理解数字化时代企业信息披露面临的“价值稀释”问题提供了新的经验证据。

中国式现代化的根基在县域，县域发展的核心瓶颈是金融供给系统性失灵与内生信用机制长期缺失。城乡二元结构导致县域农村产权先天残缺，叠加 20 世纪 90 年代县域集体经济结构性调整，本土产业支撑力持续弱化，部分地区长期依赖上级财政转移支付运转。转移支付作为外部资金，与本地资产增值、治理效能提升的联动性较弱，难以培育可持续内生动力。既有县域金融研究多侧重抵押品目录扩容，忽视估值修复的基础作用，难以破解资产沉睡与信用缺失的双重困境。本文以县域抵押品体系失灵为切入点，整合产权残缺、信贷配给、金融加速器三大理论，构建估值修复—边界扩容—信用创造递进框架。基于 2024—2025 年广东省权威数据及多地试点准自然实验表明：脱离估值修复的抵押品扩容易被信贷配给弱化；唯有补齐确权、估值、流转、处置全链条短板，方能盘活县域沉睡资产、转化为信用资本，夯实内生发展能力。

近年来，“宽货币、弱实体” 成为宏观调控面临的突出难题。本文利用 2014—2025 年中国 31 个省份的省级季度面板数据（1488 个观测值）展开实证检验，发现样本期内新质生产力与非新质领域的信贷产出效率保持相对稳定，并由此得到 E=0.17+0.49α 的线性货币效率关联。本文采用面板格兰杰因果检验、2SLS 工具变量回归以及 2018 年资管新规冲击的双重差分模型开展三重因果识别，同时结合效率均值敏感性分析与多维稳健性检验，结果表明，新质生产力信贷占比每提升 1 个百分点，宏观货币效率相应提高约 0.49 个百分点。根据浙江、江苏、广东三省的实际数据校验结果，经济稳态区间内模型估计值与真实值拟合程度良好，结论具备较强的现实解释力。优化信贷结构是化解 “宽货币、弱实体” 矛盾的核心路径，研究结论能够为货币政策由总量调控转向结构精准调控提供量化依据。

西方租售比、房价收入比模型在中国房地产市场长期存在适用性缺陷。本文立足宏观审慎监管视角，构建以 "套" 为计价单位、名义 GDP 增速与商品房整体交易率为双锚的 CMH 估值模型。依托 2000—2025 年官方公开数据，采用样本内拟合与样本外预测双重验证范式，精准识别房地产周期拐点并验证 CMH 收敛速率定律。本文确立双向宏观审慎阈值体系：以 0.60 作为防过热预警线，以 "交易率 1.0%+ 估值 0.40" 作为防过冷预警线，形成 "估值锚定上限、交易率监测底线" 的核心监测规则。实证结果表明，CMH 模型可作为房地产逆周期调控的量化工具，为落实 "房住不炒" 定位、实现市场平稳健康运行提供可复现的决策依据。

In emerging markets characterized by signiffcant information asymmetry, mitigat-ing firm-level risk is paramount for market stability. While the governance role ofinstitutional investors is known, the impact of their direct, on-the-ground engagementremains underexplored. This study’s objective is to investigate how institutionalinvestor site visits, a crucial hands-on governance mechanism, affect stock returnvolatility. Using a sample of Chinese-listed A-share firms from 2012 to 2022, wefind that frequent site visits significantly reduce firm-level stock return volatility.This risk-reduction effect is more pronounced for firms with greater agency problems,poorer ESG performance, and higher expropriation risk. Our analysis, robust toendogeneity concerns, indicates this effect is driven by improved external oversight.We conclude that direct institutional engagement is a vital channel for reducinginformation asymmetry, enhancing corporate governance, and ultimately promotingmarket stability by lowering investment risk.

We examine price discovery after irregularly scheduled macroeconomic announce-ments. Exploiting time variation in Chinese macro announcements released outside regular trading hours, this paper isolates the role of elapsed non-trading time in facilitating investor learning and price discovery upon market reopening. We show that longer non-trading intervals generate more efficient post-announcement price discovery, reduce information asymmetry, and diminish subsequent intraday return reversals. The mechanism operates through enhanced retail investor learning: during non-trading hours, retail investors actively acquire information, subsequently trade more aggressively, earn higher profits, and face reduced informational disadvantages at market opening. Our findings highlight that retail investor learning during non-trading hours levels the informational playing field among heterogeneous investors and improves price quality around irregularly timed macroeconomic announcements. These results have broader implications for emerging markets, which similarly feature irregular announcement timing and large populations of uninformed retail investors.

This study constructs a three-dimensional space model based on fund investment styles, using a sample of open-end equity and mixed funds from 2005 to 2021 to measure the degree of style convergence. The research explores how style convergence impacts fund managers’ window dressing behavior. The results indicate that, after accounting for the effects of fund performance, style convergence exacerbates window dressing behavior among fund managers. Specifically, this is reflected in fund managers increasing their holdings in winning stocks and selling off losing stocks, which indirectly highlights the intense competition within China’s open-end fund industry. The findings remain robust after a series of endogeneity and robustness tests. Further analysis reveals that style convergence contributes to the risk of client attrition, thereby intensifying the agency problem within the fund industry. The window dressing effect due to style convergence is particularly pronounced in funds managed by individuals with lower educational backgrounds, lower investment skills, smaller family sizes, and lower institutional investor ownership. The paper offers valuable insights into the agency problems arising from investment style convergence and provides guidance for mitigating fund managers' self-interested behavior.