Dynamic allocation of control rights between managers and investors affects policy of the dividend and value of enterprise. The paper studied the relevant factors that affect optimal debt ratio and allocation of control right. We suggest that the enterprise decrease the debt ratio with the increase of moral hazard, liquidity risk and investors' absolute risk aversion. With the increase of shareholder's control right, the relationship between shareholder's control right and managers' moral hazard is reversed from positive to negative. The implication of the paper is moderate debt ratio may achieve the tough constraint on the managers' decision.

投资行为是否具有效率直接关系到企业价值是否最大化，西方主流财务理论认为负债 尤其是短期负债能抑制企业的非效率投资行为。本文以2001-2007年的面板数据为基础，对 333家中国制造业上市公司的负债融资影响企业非效率投资行为进行了实证检验，结果表明： 中国制造业上市公司的负债融资并不能抑制企业的非效率投资行为，其原因在于债务的“硬 约束”功能没有发挥，同时还存在着严重的资产期限结构与负债期限结构错搭的风险。

Existing literatures indicate that, in Nontradable Shares Reform, institutional investors collude with nontradable shareholders (controlling shareholders) to help them settle a lower compensation ratio. Classifying institutional investors into mutual funds and non-mutual funds, this paper presents a further research upon whether fund governance helps mitigate collusion. Due to the rigorous entry qualifications, and the worldwide reputation as hostage, a foreign background fund is expected to have better governance quality than a domestic fund. Our empirical evidence shows that, relative to those dominated by domestic funds, mutual funds dominated by foreign background funds are less inclined to collude with nontradable shareholders. Introducing foreign institutional investors into domestic markets is Chinese government’s consistent policy. Our evidence indicates that this policy may be beneficial to the sound development of Chinese stock markets. Meanwhile, we find no sufficient evidence that mutual funds dominated by open-end funds are less inclined to collude with nontradable shareholders, although an open-end fund is expected to have better governance quality than a closed-end fund due to the redemption mechanism. As for the effect of ownership structure, it is found that mutual funds with a lower institutional ownership are less inclined to collude with nontradable shareholders. Fund governance seems to deteriorate as institutional ownership increases. Providing an implication for policy making, our evidence suggests that restricting the proportion of fund shares held by institutions may help improve fund governance in China.

根据IPO价格异常 理论，在IPO过程中承销商与审计事务所均发挥着“鉴证”功能，而风险企业IPO过程中最为显著的特点便是其股东包括风险投资家这一特殊的金融中介组织。由于风险投资不仅仅是简单的资金投入，在投资过程中风险投资家还往往提供许多“增值服务”，再加上投资过程中独特的契约设计，因此风险投资是投资契约与产权制度的一种创新。那么IPO公司中风险投资家股东的列席对于公司IPO上市，具体的说对于风险企业IPO定价与IPO价格异常是否有影响？如果有，有何影响呢？其是否也存在着类似于承销商与审计事务所那样的“鉴证”功能呢？

近年来，为发展新农村建设，政府开始着手现代农村金融体系的改革，村镇银行就这样孕育而生。本篇论文是本人对2008年7月在湖南湘乡的实践活动调研成果的个人分析总结。目前湘乡农村金融供求并不对称，体系中很多地方亟需改革。在现有情况下，作为改革试验产物的村镇银行的实际定位与目标定位有所偏差，虽有积极一面但却只发挥了有限的作用。针对这种情况，作者经过思考，试图探讨出其理想的定位，并对于商业利益与社会利益的矛盾如何统一这一命题提出个人观点。

This letter applies the endogenous structural break Minimum Lagrange Multiplier unit root test to re-examine the stationarity of Chinese stock market indices. The main result is consistent with Yan and Felminghan (Applied Economics Letters, 13, 605-608, 2006) who use the ADF-type structural break unit test, and the break we found is more in line with the reality.

This paper investigates the impact of ownership and ownership concentration on the performance of China’s listed firms. By recognizing the differences between ownership and ownership concentration and between total ownership concentration and tradable ownership concentration, we conduct simplex, interactive and joint analyses. We find that ownership concentration is approximately associated with higher firm performance. Ownership concentration is more powerful than any category of ownership in determining firm performance. Firm performance is better when the state is the largest of the top shareholders and/or institutions dominate ownership among the top tradable shareholders. Our results support the theory that high ownership concentration mitigates the agency problem.

股指期货市场与现货市场的波动溢出效应一直是学术界研究的重点。当前中国股指期货尚未上市，而香港市场的恒生股指期货则是一个很好的参照物。研究表明香港股市和期市之间存在相互引导关系，两市各自的波动性对消息的反应存在不对称性，并且期市和现市之间，期货交易产生的新息会加剧恒生指数的波动，而恒生指数的波动并不能对期货价格的波动产生显著的影响，因此存在不对称的溢出效应。此结论和相关政策建议对于即将推出的沪深300股指期货，具有十分重要的借鉴意义。

本文从货币的价值属性和交易媒介属性出发，通过建立微观主体选择模型讨论了货币替代中的价值效应和网络效应。根据模型，我们可以用真实利差值和网络效应值的二维组合来界定安定性替代和恶性替代。本文的结论是货币的价值因素只是在货币替代发生的诱因，货币网络效应才是替代动态过程的主导因素；网络效应具有非一致性，即在安定性区域抑制货币替代，在恶性区域则加速货币替代，这使得恶性替代治理过程面临棘轮效应。

分析师在金融市场中起着重要的信息中介作用，其信息来源及获取方式会直接将影响信息处理的质量。本文从分析师对企业年度盈利预测的偏差出发，基于对分析师与公司的地域关系的实证研究发现，分析师在预测那些所在地与分析师隶属的公司同属一个省份的公司时，预测结果更加准确，这种本地优势与公司高成长性及公司国有性质显著相关。研究还发现，我国分析师的本地优势与个人本身的乐观性并无关系，可能更多与信息优势相关。