利用统计分析方法对2000 年8 月17 日至2002 年8 月16 日中国封闭式基金的基金溢价和业绩相关关系进行检验。研究发现,我国封闭式基金溢价水平与基金业绩的关系正在经历由不相关、微弱正相关逐渐到比较显著的正相关发展过程。结果表明我国投资者对封闭式基金的认识逐渐理性化,这种发展趋势有助于完善我国封闭式基金经理人的激励约束机制,对发展我国基金产业具有重要启示。

Motivated by recent public policy debates on the role of market discipline in banking stability, I examine the impact of greater bank disclosure in mitigating the likelihood of systemic banking crisis. In a cross sectional study of banking systems across 49 countries in the 90s, I find that banking crises are less likely in countries with financial reporting regimes characterized by (i) comprehensive disclosure (ii) informative disclosure, (iii) timely disclosure and (iv) more stringent auditing.

This paper deals with the option-pricing problem. In the first part of the paper we study in more details the discrete setting of the option-pricing problem usually referred to as the binomial scheme. We highlight basic differences between the old and the new approaches. The main ualitative distinction of the new pricing approach from either binomial or Black Scholes’s is that it represents the option price as a stochastic process. This stochastic interpretation can not give straight forward advantage for an investor due to stochastic setting of the pricing problem. The new approach explicitly states that the option price is more risky than it is customary represented by binomial scheme or Black Scholes theory. Continuous setting will be considered in the second part of the paper following [1]. One significant conclusion follows from the new model. It states that there is no sense in using either neutral probabilities or ‘neutral world’ applications for options valuation either theoretically or numerically. Recall that after the Black Scholes’ publication [2] the ‘simplified’ approach named later binomial scheme was introduced in [3]. In this paper referring to the historical tradition, we first represent discrete scheme. In several examples we discuss two-period plain vanilla option valuation. Then we extend the discrete scheme applications to an exotic option-pricing referred to as a compound option. The compound option in Black Scholes setting was first studied in [4] and then in [5,6].

本文对上海股票市场的买卖价差进行了实证研究，结果表明：上海股市的买卖价差总体上高于纽约、香港等成熟市场，在交易日内呈现“L形”的变化趋势，并且受到股价波动性、绝对股价水平以及买卖委托数量等因素的影响。

本文系统地介绍世界上最大的金融控股公司之一??日本瑞穗金融集团的成立背景与过程，整合过程，管理框架，及其风险管理、合规性管理、内部审计管理三个子系统的基本政策、管理结构、基本措施。同时还介绍了我国金融控股公司的发展实践。 通过对瑞穗金融集团成立及整合的过程进行分析，比照中国金融控股公司的发展现状，提出了对金融控股公司控股对象经营的金融业务、所处的监管环境、客户群、经营地域、人力资源、资产组合、资金来源、其它股东等方面应加以控制，同时从经济周期、监管体制变革、控股目标与控股公司的经营状况及技术条件等方面控制控股时机，并在股权与业务方面对金融控股公司成立后的整合加以控制。 瑞穗金融集团以瑞穗控股公司为载体对整个集团进行控制，虽然管理层次多，管理难度大，但其组织结构完整，风险管理、合规性管理与内部审计管理三个子控制系统也是条理分明，对不同的风险都有专门机构予以控制，并制定了确定的程序保证工作顺利进行，对我国金融控股公司建立日常控制体系有很强的借鉴意义。 参照瑞穗金融集团的实践，在对金融控股公司的风险特征进行识别与界定之后，本文提出了金融控股公司的控制目标：资产安全、财务可靠、行为合规的公司目标，风险度量与控制的金融公司目标，以及进行资本控制的金融控股公司目标。本文认为，资本控制是金融控股公司控制的核心目标，而对风险的度量与控制是金融控股公司控制的日常工作重心。 依据这三层目标，参考瑞穗金融集团的情况，本文提出金融控股公司各相关机构在内部控制中的职责、资本控制、风险度量与控制、资产安全、财务可靠、行为合规、内部控制机构建设、监管当局的作用等八个方面的控制原则，为构建金融控股公司控制系统提供了理论与实践的参考。

本文首先系统回顾了有关美国和亚洲国家风险投资项目评估的实证研究现状，并给出了简要评价。另一方面，风险投资合同的研究已逐渐成为现代金融契约理论重要的新兴研究领域。本文重点介绍了有关国外风险投资合同实证研究的近况，指出了一些有争议的解释和值得进一步研究的一些问题。

It is widely accepted that paying cash dividend might mitigate agency problem between majority shareholder and minority shareholders. Some common law countries use mandatory cash dividend policy to protect minority shareholders. We provide opposite evidence in this paper. First, we find that in China’s stock market, firms with intermediate or high shareholding concentration have higher incentive to pay cash dividend. As controlling shareholders in China hold non-negotiable shares, we argue that this phenomenon is associated with non-negotiable shareholders’ incentive to retrieve cash from the firm. Second, non-negotiable shareholders generally give up subscription right in rights offering. Furthermore, firms with intermediate or high shareholding concentration increase dividend payment soon after rights offering. Giving up subscription right and using receipts from rights offering to pay cash dividend together mean that non-negotiable shareholders in firms with intermediate or high shareholding concentration sell a proportion of the shares they hold to negotiable shareholders by paying cash dividend. The average selling price is about 3 times higher than that in private negotiation. Market reacts negatively to cash dividend announcement of firms with intermediate or high shareholding concentration. Our findings show that dividend might be used as a vehicle of tunneling.

银监会的成立、银监法的颁布标志着新型银行监管制度在我国的诞生，但机构的成立、法律的颁布均是一种正式制度安排，还需要监管理念的创新、制度实施运行机制的建立、制度环境的优化等协同变迁。

由于证券市场政府监管的有限性和监管失灵问题，对于一国证券监管体制的结构与职能设计其核心是正确设定政府在监管中角色、作用以及和自律监管两者之间的关系，妥善处理这些问题对于中国这个新兴的证券市场由为重要，所以必须致力于建立完善市场经济的信用秩序，寻找政府监管与自律监管之间相互协调配合的最佳点，处理好两者之间的主次、层次关系。

本文从管理者持股、股权结构、专用性资产、战略选择、动态环境对资本结构的影响，以及资本结构与企业绩效之间的关系六个方面，总结了国内外学者们的研究，分析了研究存在的分歧和不足，试图为我国资本结构研究提供借鉴。