In this paper, we construct a new variance bound on any stochastic discount factor (SDF) of the form m = m(x), where x is a vector of random state variables. In contrast to the well known Hansen-Jagannathan bound that places a lower bound on the variance of m(x), our bound tightens it by a ratio of 1=½2x;m0 where ½x;m0 is the multiple correlation coefficient between x and the standard minimum variance SDF, m0. In many applications, the correlation is small, and hence our bound can be substantially tighter than Hansen-Jagannathan’s. For example, when x is the growth rate of consumption, based on Cochrane’s (2001) estimates of market volatility and ½x;m0 , the new bound is 25 times greater than the Hansen-Jagannathan bound, making it much more difficult to explain the equity-premium puzzle based on existing asset pricing models.

There are many factors that affect SMEs’ ability to borrow from bank. Based on facts and data about SMEs’ financing in Chengdu city, capital of Southwestern China’s Sichuan province, this paper is intended to investigate the factors affecting SMEs to borrow from bank by methods of empirical study. We find that whether SMEs can provide collateral or guarantee is a decisive factor, factors such as firm size, willingness to accept bank’s clauses, close relationship with bank play an important role. But in contrast to intuition, correlation analysis and regression result shows that SMEs’ financial variables such as income, net profit, asset-debt ratio and credit score is not obvious to affect their ability to get bank loan. Consistent with theory prediction and qualitative analysis, firm size is the most important factor to affect SMEs’ ability to borrow from bank. The regression results reflect information asymmetry between SMEs and banks, and that banks had taken a simple way to protect themselves.

近年来，海内外投资人对中国健康保险市场表现出浓厚兴趣。中国已初步建立了以劳动和社会保障部门负责的城镇职工医疗保险制度，和以县市地方政府为单元的新型农村合作医疗模式，并积极推进由保险公司开办的商业健康保险的发展。但健康保险市场的密度和深度远远不能满足国民的健康保障需求。本报告通过分析中国健康保险体系的现状为健康保险投资人提供咨询服务。

We axiomatize a new class of multi-prior preferences for decision-making under uncertainty. The unique feature of this class of preferences is that it allows for the role of a reference probability measure. The class of preferences has a tractable representation. It takes the form of minimization, over a set of priors, of an expected utility plus a penalty function that penalizes deviation from the reference probability measure. The preference reduces to the standard expected utility when there is no uncertainty. The paper also discusses some potential applications of the axiomatized preferences.

主要结合自身工作，肤浅的谈谈网银发展。

本文以我国深沪股市的大盘指数为研究对象，分析了“日历效应”对交易量与股价波动性关系的特殊影响，并且分别考虑将原始交易量、包含自相关性的交易量、以及进行“好消息”与“坏消息”划分后的交易量引入到GARCH模型以及非对称性GARCH模型中进行研究，本文发现：原始交易量对股票指数的股价波动性开始具备了一定的解释效应，但是考虑了自相关性后交易量却无法有效解释股价波动的GARCH效应；股价的日历效应对于上海市场中交易量对股价波动性的解释有着推波助澜的作用，而“好消息”与“坏消息”的划分后的交易量可以对非对称性的股价波动性进行较为良好的解释。

We study stochastic linear-quadratic (LQ) optimal control problems over an infinite time horizon, allowing the cost matrices to be indefinite. We develop a systematic approach based on semidefinite programming (SDP). A central issue is the stability of the feedback control; and we show this can be effectively examined through the complementary duality of the SDP. Furthermore, we establish several implication relations among the SDP complementary duality, the (generalized) Riccati equation, and the optimality of the LQ control problem. Based on these relations, we propose a numerical procedure that provides a thorough treatment of the LQ control problem via primaldual SDP: it identifies a stabilizing feedback control that is optimal or determines that the problem possesses no optimal solution. For the latter case, we develop an
-approximation scheme that is asymptotically optimal.

在低利率时期，由于债券投资面临着利率波动的种种不确定性，特别是利率提高会给投资人带来巨大的投资损失。并且我国并不存在金融期货、期权等避险工具，使债券投资人在低利率时期非常被动。本文试图提出连动式债券（Structured Note）为概念的“选择权式国债操作策略”，以希望能尽量避免低利率时期投资国债的风险。

We find that short-horizon institutions possess private information on long-term earnings that will be reflected in near term stock prices but do not have private information on long-term earnings that will be reflected in stock prices beyond the near term. In contrast, we find no evidence that long-horizon institutions have private information on long-term earnings, regardless of whether the private information will be reflected in near term stock prices or not. Our results question the notion that long-horizon institutions have a stronger incentive than short-horizon institutions to acquire private information on long-term firm value.

摘要： 本文阐述了“核心竞争力”的概念，并结合金融服务行业的竞争动态以及公司的内部情况，探讨了公司发展核心竞争力的必要性；针对公司的机遇，阐述了关于深入定位竞争战略，力争成为创建行业标准的领头人（仿微软）的一些思考，如：内部组织结构调整、跨部门、地域的业务流程重组、内部智力资源协调、开展以客户为中心的公司价值设计、公司文化等。