This paper evaluates the impact of mobile cashless payment on credit provision to the underprivileged. Using a representative sample of Alipay users that contained detailed information about their activities in consumption, credit, investment, and digital footprints, I exploit a natural experiment to identify the real effects of cashless payment adoption. In this natural experiment, the staggered placement of Alipay-bundled shared bikes across different Chinese cities brings exogenous variations to the payment flow, allowing me to address the endogeneity issues and establish a causal relationship. I find that the use of in-person payment in a month increases the likelihood of getting access to credit in the same month by 56.3%. Conditional on having credit access, a 1% increase in the in-person payment flow leads to a 0.41% increase in the credit line. Those having higher in-person payment flow also use their credit lines more. Importantly, the positive effect of in-person payment flow on credit provision mainly exists for the less educated and the older, suggesting that cashless payment particularly benefits those who are traditionally underserved.

人类的每一次巨大进步都离不开远行，远行不仅体现了人们对新事物、新环境 的渴望和探索，同时也有助于资源和能力的积累。基于这种直觉，本文手工搜集了上市公司 独立董事的出生地、求学地和工作地信息，探索独立董事的跨地区经历对企业创新的影响。 研究发现，独立董事的跨地区经历越丰富，任职公司的创新投入和产出水平越高。该结论在 考虑独立董事出生地差异、变量测量误差、自选择等内生性问题后依然成立。机制分析结果 发现，跨地区经历丰富的独立董事不倾向于选择相对稳定保守的会计职业，更可能在总部位 于出生地、求学地和工作地以外省份的上市公司任职，所任职公司的股价波动也较高，即跨 地区经历丰富的独立董事风险偏好更大;同时，跨地区经历丰富的独立董事也更可能拥有政 治关联背景、更可能在大规模公司任职、获得的津贴也更高，即跨地区经历丰富的独立董事 资源和能力也更优。更高的风险偏好和更优的资源、能力使得独立董事在公司创新活动中发 挥着重要作用。

儒家伦理反对经济组织通过非正当途径谋求经济利益，有助于保护投资者的正当权益。但是，根植 于儒家的威权主义要求下级组织或个人顺从上级的权威，可能会减轻控股股东掏空上市公司的阻力。本文 从控股股东关联交易的视角出发，对上述竞争性假设进行实证检验，结果表明:(1)儒家影响与控股股东 掏空水平负相关，并通过削弱控股股东威权地位保护中小股东正当权益;(2)儒家伦理与法制存在互补关 系。此后，作者从伦理与威权冲突的视角寻找工具变量进行稳健性检验，获得了相似的结果。本文为客观 认知和评价儒家伦理和威权主义在投资者保护中的作用提供了经验证据。

以往董事会文献大多关注单一董事会特征如何解释公司绩效，缺乏同时考虑多维董事 会特征对公司绩效的预测性研究。本文运用机器学习方法探究 46 个董事会特征对公司绩效的预测 能力，发现:1. 董事会特征可以预测公司绩效;2. 董事平均薪酬、董事会持股比例、董事平均任期、 学历异质性的预测能力较强，董事会结构特征预测能力较弱;3. 公司绩效与董事平均薪酬基本呈正 相关，而与董事会持股比例、董事平均任期、学历异质性呈非线性关系。该结果说明，我国公司 中董事会特征与公司绩效的关系紧密且复杂，运用机器学习方法可以帮助我们认识这些复杂关系、 提升对公司绩效预测的准确性。

Using hand-collected data on siblings of chairpersons in Chinese family firms, we examine the impact of the chairperson having siblings on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) of their firm. The findings suggest that when a firm has a siblings-chairperson, the firm has a better CSR rating than firms with a chairperson without siblings. Specifically, a firm with a siblings- chairperson, on average, has a CSR rating approximately 7.96% higher than a median firm’s rating. The conclusions are robust to a battery of robustness checks including a regression discontinuity research design, alternative measures of CSR, a propensity score matching sample, placebo tests, and different estimation methods. Additional analysis suggests that the mechanisms behind siblings and CSR are consistent with both competition and altruistic effects among siblings. Further analysis suggests that the positive impact of a siblings-chairperson on the CSR rating of firms is more salient when the local familism culture is stronger, when government official career advancement incentives are lower, or when the siblings are directors or CEOs of other firms. Finally, firms with a siblings-chairperson are also pro-shareholder because they consume less perquisites than firms without a siblings-chairperson. Collectively, the findings are consistent with the notion that, by having at least one sibling, a chairperson is more competitive and altruistic than a chairperson without siblings, and such behavior enhances CSR. Family structure matters in corporate practices.

现有文献主要聚焦于风投机构本身的静态同质化价值增值职能，围绕风投机构的增值职能与风险投资退出表现展开了大量研究。本文提出风险投资与创业企业之间的匹配结构对风险投资退出表现的影响机制问题。基于Fuetal.(2018b的研究模型，我们通过进一步的理论分析发现：创投双方匹配结构会影响双方各自最优努力水平，造成风投机构价值增值职能的动态异质性，表现出影响风投机构的退出表现；同时采用实证模型研究发现：创投双方的匹配契合度越高越有助于改善风投机构退出表现，创投双方的匹配差异度对风险投资提出表现呈现倒U型关系特征，支撑了理论模型的研究结论。本文为探索风险投资退出表现与创业企业发展成长的决定机制提供了一个崭新的研究视角充实和扩展风险投资对企业成长发挥增值职能的研究基础

Exploring a novel dataset and a unique policy experiment, this paper examines the role of government intervention in the emergence of venture capital (VC) in China during 1999-2013. Using difference-in-difference methodology, I find that the central government program leads to an increase in local investment from both government and private VCs, which doubles the number of successful companies. The positive impact is most pronounced in relatively less developed regions and during the early development of the VC sector. I present two micro-level transmission channels of the crowding-in effects, through networks formed by previous investments and through co-ownership in VC affiliates.

We identify both dynamic and long-run relationships between each of the level, slope and curvature factors of the Treasury and corporate bond markets yield curve in China. We aim at determining which market plays a leading role in the discovery of each factor of the yield curve. We obtain three main results. First, we document for the first time the presence of a long-run relationship between the corporate and Treasury bond markets in China both for the level and the slope of their yield curve. Second, such a long-run relationship appears to be stable between the slopes over the full sample 2006-2017, but shows a break for the level factor in 2012. Third, the source market for price discovery varies with the parameters of the yield curve. While the corporate bond market is the source of price discovery for the level factor, this function is fulfilled by the government bond market for the slope parameter. The finding that the Treasury bond market is not fully dominant in level bond-pricing may not come as a surprise. Although China’s corporate bond market has developed rapidly in the past fifteen years, there were few default cases during that period. It is believed investors treat the default risk of corporate bonds as similar to that of Treasury bonds, and benefit from the high corporate spread. Our results for the slope parameter imply that market-oriented reform has progressed enough for the Treasury bond market to already provide a benchmark slope for the yield curve of corporate bonds. When the reform progresses further, we would expect corporate bonds to be priced according to their risk profile which should make the Treasury market lead in price discovery also for the level of the yield curve.

公司在创新策略上面临着内部自主研发和外部技术并购的抉择问题。并购方企业的自主研发受到知识瓶颈及技术资源限制，技术并购作为外部技术的获取手段具有技术更迭风险低而成本高的特点。基于中国制造业上市公司并购数据实证研究显示：公司通过技术并购或自主研发均能提升公司的创新绩效。并购方的创新效率有利于并购的绩效提升。与已有研究不同的是，并购方在加大自身创新效率的调节机制下，产生创新的虹吸作用，分别在短期内抵减自主研发、长期内降低技术并购对并购创新绩效的积极作用。在考虑并购双方技术重叠条件下，技术重叠虽然短期内产生技术协同效应，激励并购方自主研发创新绩效；但是技术重叠长期情况下的知识同质性降低创新绩效；在技术重叠调节作用下，创新效率的交互作用抵减自主研发的创新效应。因此企业在通过技术并购谋求创新突破时，更应关注自身的创新效率和双方的技术差异度。

This study investigates the relationship between gender diversity on the board and dividend payouts in China using a large sample over the period 2003–2017. Our results provide robust and strong evidence showing that gender diversity on the board is positively associated with cash payments of dividends. The empirical outcomes confirm that gender diversity on the board facilitates corporate governance and subsequently promotes dividend payouts. We demonstrate that gender diversity on the board has the greatest effect when the board has critical mass participation (three or more female directors) compared with only their token participation. However, independent female directors increase dividend payouts, while female executive directors do not have a significant impact. Furthermore, we extend the literature on the relationship between dividend payments and government ownership by providing evidence that gender diversity has a higher impact on dividend payouts for state-owned enterprises than non-state-owned enterprises. After controlling the endogeneity problems, our findings are reliable and robust.